Bhubaneswar, the capital city of the eastern Indian state of Odisha, is a vibrant metropolis known for its rich cultural heritage, architectural marvels, and growing urban infrastructure. With an estimated population of around 1.1 million people, Bhubaneswar serves as a major economic and educational hub in the region. However, like many other cities in India and around the world, Bhubaneswar heavily relies on fossil fuels for its energy needs, although efforts are underway to shift towards cleaner and more sustainable sources.
The energy dependency of Bhubaneswar on fossil fuels is significant, with approximately 70% of the total energy usage in the city being derived from coal, oil, and natural gas. This heavy reliance on fossil fuels can be attributed to historical factors and the rapid urbanization and industrialization witnessed in the city in recent decades. As industries and infrastructure developed, there was a surge in energy demand, leading to a greater dependence on traditional energy sources.
One of the key factors that influenced the current energy situation in Bhubaneswar was the growth of the thermal power sector. The city hosts several thermal power plants in its vicinity, contributing to the high reliance on coal for electricity generation. These power plants were established to meet the rising energy demands of the city and the surrounding regions. Additionally, the transportation sector heavily relies on fossil fuels, particularly gasoline and diesel, leading to increased emissions and pollution.
Recognizing the environmental and health impacts of fossil fuel dependency, the government and various stakeholders in Bhubaneswar have initiated several plans and policies to reduce reliance on such energy sources and transition towards cleaner alternatives. The city has committed to the National Solar Mission, aiming to increase solar energy generation capacity and promote the use of solar power in residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. Efforts are also being made to promote energy efficiency and conservation through awareness campaigns and the adoption of energy-efficient technologies.
To mitigate the heavy dependence on fossil fuels in the transportation sector, the government has encouraged the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the establishment of charging infrastructure. Various incentives and subsidies have been provided to promote the use of EVs among residents and incentivize the development of a robust electric vehicle ecosystem. Additionally, the city administration is focusing on improving public transportation systems, including the expansion of the metro rail network and the introduction of electric buses.
Bhubaneswar's future plans for energy transition also encompass the promotion of renewable energy sources such as wind and biomass. The city has favorable conditions for wind power generation, and efforts are being made to tap into this potential through the establishment of wind farms. Furthermore, biomass-based energy systems are being explored, utilizing organic waste as a source of renewable energy.
Apart from the shift towards clean energy sources, Bhubaneswar is also investing in sustainable urban planning and development. The city is implementing measures to improve energy efficiency in buildings, including the use of green building techniques, energy-efficient appliances, and better insulation. Additionally, urban green spaces and parks are being developed, promoting a sustainable and eco-friendly environment.
Bhubaneswar is also renowned for its cultural landmarks and heritage sites. The city is home to magnificent temples such as the Lingaraj Temple, Mukteswar Temple, and Rajarani Temple, which showcase the architectural brilliance of the Kalinga dynasty. The famous Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves, dating back to the reign of King Kharavela, attract tourists and history enthusiasts. Bhubaneswar is also known for its annual International Sand Art Festival, where artists from around the world create intricate sand sculptures on the city's golden beaches.